International

COP28 had mixed results, paving the way for more ambitious climate action, but also leaving substantial room for failure

The ECB left interest rates on hold but announced a slight speeding up of its balance sheet reduction plans

The flash PMIs for the UK, euro-area, Japan and Australia continue the long-standing services/manufacturing divergence

Several major countries will hold national polls next year amid rising risk from artificially generated disinformation

UNCTAD estimates that world goods trade fell by 7.5% this year by value, and services trade rose by 7.0%

Regulators are increasingly concerned about the misuse and hacking of cloud infrastructure

Contradictory signals from bonds and stocks over the economic outlook set financial markets up for a volatile 2024

COP28 has resulted in a deal that is historic, but which has weaknesses and loopholes that will undermine its impact