East European growth in 2023 will be modest at best

The slowdown of activity in the second half of 2022 will shape prospects for 2023

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Central banks battle inflation and political headwinds

The major central banks face an increasingly difficult task to judge policy amidst growing political headwinds

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Productivity and GDP growth are looking sluggish, and are unlikely to pick up any time soon

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Economic prospects remain bleak, amid ongoing political and structural challenges

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Central Europe has emerged politically divided but economically resilient, one year into Russia’s invasion of Ukraine

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North Africa is grappling with inadequate water and food provision

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Policymakers are keeping interest rates high and the koruna strong as they see persistent inflation as the main problem

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GDP growth was slower than originally expected last year, at 2.7%, and will remain sluggish in 2023

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Growth is expected to slow sharply this year while the challenges facing public finances will increase

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Elections and a deteriorating economy could push Greece’s rating upgrade to the latter half of the year

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