Africa's anticipated internet boom could disappoint

Lacklustre investor interest, lack of electricity and poor network infrastructure could hamper mobile internet growth

Internet access has grown substantially over the past decade... ...particularly in states with large numbers of mobile phone subscribers... ...but weak ICT-supporting infrastructure will slow future growth

Source: WEF, Deloitte, ITU, FT Analyse Africa, McKinsey, Ericsson

Outlook

Several forecasts are bullish on the sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) communications sector. Telecoms firm Ericsson expects mobile penetration to reach 100% by 2021, supporting a 15-fold increase in mobile data traffic. McKinsey says internet penetration will triple to around 50% by 2025, mainly via smartphones.

Such projections trigger enthusiastic speculation on the development potential -- from boosting financial inclusion using mobile banking to delivering education and health sevices remotely to rural areas. Yet even SSA's best-connected economies face critical deficits in infrastructure necessary for underpinning telecoms expansion.

Foreign investor appetite is lagging. Communications projects accounted for only 7% of FDI in capital investments in 2014; software and IT services investment was unchanged.

Impacts

  • Nigeria's 5.2-billion-dollar fine on operator MTN will heighten business risk perceptions, potentially dissuading foreign investment.
  • Ethiopia's vast unbanked population will attract interest from mobile banking firms, but strict regulation will prevent rapid expansion.
  • Low internet penetration (under 5%) in states such as Benin and Guinea will stymie services sectors, exacerbating reliance on commodities.
  • In South Africa's Western Cape province, the ruling Democratic Alliance will prioritise free Wi-Fi to boost its 2016 local polls chances.

See also