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With the Gaza conflict raging, Syrians face military pressure from all sides, as economic constraints also tighten

A former al-Qaida offshoot constitutes a key part of Syria’s frozen conflict

Regional impacts of the Gaza conflict and devastating Turkish airstrikes are pressuring the Kurdish-led administration

The largest anti-government demonstrations since 2011 coincide with new instability in the Kurdish-controlled northeast

The consequences of the Gaza crisis will reverberate through next year

Northeast Syria’s Kurdish-dominated administration is under pressure from several directions

Rising anti-Syrian sentiment has provoked hate speech and new deportations

Existing ties and geographical location underpin Libya’s potential as a transit country for Syrian drug smuggling

Damascus would like to leverage its renewed Arab status to restore territorial control

As the ‘normalisation’ agenda advances slowly, there is little immediate hope for the struggling economy

The government is seeking to use the recent earthquake to advance international reintegration

Damascus is seeking Arab economic and political backing to normalise its internal and external status

Damascus is seeking to maximise its international leverage through aid negotiations

Efforts to improve ties between Turkey and Syria resurfaced in mid-2022, but multiple challenges have halted progress