France
EU will struggle to convert China policy into reality
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen recently unveiled proposals for “de-risking” from China
EUFrench image management in Africa faces challenges
France's new Africa strategy aims, in part, to improve France's image on the continent
AfricaFrench reforms could fuel support for radical parties
Macron is close to realising his pension reform ambitions following approval by the Constitutional Council
FranceFrance pension reforms will create new risks
The implementation of the government’s pension reforms is very likely following approval by the Constitutional Council
FranceChina visit reinforces EU division over Beijing
Emmanuel Macron and Ursula von der Leyen conveyed different messages during their visit to China last week
ChinaEU impasse shows persistent divergence over nuclear
Member states are divided over whether to include nuclear energy as part of the EU’s updated renewable energy targets
EUFrench app ban is a signal to Washington and Beijing
The French government has banned civil servants from using both Chinese and US apps on their work phones
FranceNATO will struggle to raise defence spending
Only seven out of 30 alliance members met the 2% of GDP spending target in 2022
NATO
